{"id":1668,"date":"2022-01-24T23:51:49","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T23:51:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cwinsnew.wpi.edu\/?page_id=1668"},"modified":"2022-05-04T14:37:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T14:37:40","slug":"rf-clouds-and-intelligent-applications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/web-biography.wpi.edu\/index.php\/rf-clouds-and-intelligent-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"RF Clouds Intelligence"},"content":{"rendered":"[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Header&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_width_px__hover=&#8221;1080px&#8221; custom_width_px__hover_enabled=&#8221;1080px&#8221; custom_width_percent__hover=&#8221;80%&#8221; custom_width_percent__hover_enabled=&#8221;80%&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; gutter_width__hover=&#8221;3&#8243; gutter_width__hover_enabled=&#8221;3&#8243; parallax_1__hover=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_1__hover_enabled=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_2__hover=&#8221;off&#8221; 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header_3_letter_spacing__hover=&#8221;0px&#8221; header_3_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=&#8221;0px&#8221; header_3_line_height__hover=&#8221;1em&#8221; header_3_line_height__hover_enabled=&#8221;1em&#8221; header_3_text_shadow_style__hover=&#8221;none&#8221; header_3_text_shadow_style__hover_enabled=&#8221;none&#8221; header_3_text_shadow_color__hover=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.4)&#8221; header_3_text_shadow_color__hover_enabled=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.4)&#8221;]\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14px; color: #000000; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 500;\">Research in cyberspace applications benefiting from the RF cloud of the wireless devices at CWINS began with motion and gesture detection and authentication and security and more recently moved into interference measurement and modeling for intelligent spectrum management.<\/span><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; 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background_image=&#8221;http:\/\/web-biography.wpi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/data-science.jpeg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]\n<h2><strong>Data Sciences<\/strong><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_image=&#8221;http:\/\/web-biography.wpi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Network-Science-2.jpg&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]\n<h2><strong>Networking Sciences<\/strong><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]\n<h2><strong>Quantum Computing<\/strong><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/web-biography.wpi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/2ndWorkshop.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;2ndWorkshop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;21px||-15px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_width_top=&#8221;2px&#8221; border_color_top=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; border_color_bottom=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;5px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<h2><strong>Major Projects<\/strong><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-61px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row module_class=&#8221; parent-column&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-20px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;ThuMouse&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; closed_toggle_background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; open_icon_color=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; title_level=&#8221;h4&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-30px||||false|false&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<div class=\"divi-module-destination\"><\/div>\n[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_tabs module_class=&#8221;divi-portable-module&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;30%&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Participants&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; tab_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; tab_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Ziheng Li<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Zhenyuan Lei<\/li>\n<li>An Yan<\/li>\n<li>Erin Solovey<\/li>\n<li>Kaveh Pahlavan<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/et_pb_tab][\/et_pb_tabs][et_pb_text module_class=&#8221;divi-portable-module&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]ThuMouse is a novel interaction paradigm aimed to create a gesture-based and touch-free cursor interaction that accurately tracks the motion of fingers in real-time. ThuMouse enables users to move the cursor using frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. While previous work with FMCW radar in human-computer-interfaces (HCI) has focused on classifying a set of predefined hand gestures, ThuMouse regressively tracks the position of a finger, which allows for finer-grained interaction. This paper presents the gesture sensing pipeline we built, with regressive tracking through deep neural networks, data augmentation for robustness, and computer vision as a training base. We also report on a proof-of-concept demonstration shows how our system can function as a mouse, and identify areas for future work. This work builds a foundation for designing finer micro gesture-based interactions, allowing the finger to emulate external input devices such as a joystick and touch-pad.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<script><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  (function ($) {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  $(document).ready(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Option #1: Move Divi Module(s) into a Module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Limit: One Instance per Column<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Use following code if you want to move <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ a module inside another module. Each column with the<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ class 'parent-column' will append any module(s)<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-portable-module' to the div<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-module-destination'.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Only one instance of 'divi-module-destination' should<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ be added per column.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    $('.divi-portable-module').each(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      $(this).closest('.parent-column').find('.divi-module-destination').append($(this));<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->     <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Buttons: Insert Button Module(s) into a Module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Adding a custom CSS class to a button module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ is applied to the 'a' tag which is a child element<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ of the module wrapper. This code makes sure to append<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ the entire button module wrapper (the parent element)<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ as well. This functionality is the same as option #3 above.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Siimply use the class 'divi-portable-button' on a button module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ instead of 'divi-portable-module'.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    $('.divi-portable-button').parent().each(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      $(this).closest('.parent-column').find('.divi-module-destination').append($(this));<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Option #2: Move Divi Row(s) into a Module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Limit: One Instance per Section<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Use the following code if you want to move <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ a row inside a module on more than one section<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ of a page. Each section with the<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ class 'parent-section' will append any row(s)<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-portable-row' to the div<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-row-destination'.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Only one instance of 'divi-row-destination' should<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ be added per section.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    $('.divi-portable-row').each(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      $(this).closest('.parent-section').find('.divi-row-destination').append($(this));<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->})(jQuery);<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/script>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row module_class=&#8221; parent-column&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-200px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;IndexPen&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; closed_toggle_background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; open_icon_color=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; title_level=&#8221;h4&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-30px||||false|false&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#e09900&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<div class=\"divi-module-destination\"><\/div>\n[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_tabs module_class=&#8221;divi-portable-module&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;30%&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Participants&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; tab_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; tab_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Kaveh Pahlavan<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Emanuel Agu<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Rick Brown<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Sergey Makarov<\/li>\n<li>Robert Kineck<\/li>\n<li>John Orr<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/et_pb_tab][\/et_pb_tabs][et_pb_text module_class=&#8221;divi-portable-module&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Using the IEEE 802.11 WLAN access points, PCMCIA WLAN cards, EKAHAU positioning software, and laptops acquired from the CNS support and our PROPSIM real-time channel simulator acquired from a DoD grant we have completed a novel laboratory testbed for performance evaluation of the indoor positioning systems operating based on RSS. This is the first laboratory testbed that is developed for performance monitoring of indoor positioning systems. The novel methodology adopted in this experiment uses our existing Ray-tracing software to identify location of the training points and measure the performance of the positioning software (in this case EKAHAU engine). The WLAN access points and a laptop with PCMCIA cards as well as the Ray-tracing software are connected to the real-time channel simulator that simulates the channel behavior between location of the access points and the mobile, specified in the Ray-tracing GUI. This innovative setup allows low cost repeatable performance analysis of indoor positioning systems. Our first publication in this field describes the architecture of the testbed and the preliminary results of performance evaluation that relates the density of the training points to the accuracy of the measurements.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<script><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  (function ($) {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  $(document).ready(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Option #1: Move Divi Module(s) into a Module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Limit: One Instance per Column<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Use following code if you want to move <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ a module inside another module. Each column with the<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ class 'parent-column' will append any module(s)<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-portable-module' to the div<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-module-destination'.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Only one instance of 'divi-module-destination' should<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ be added per column.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    $('.divi-portable-module').each(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      $(this).closest('.parent-column').find('.divi-module-destination').append($(this));<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->     <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Buttons: Insert Button Module(s) into a Module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Adding a custom CSS class to a button module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ is applied to the 'a' tag which is a child element<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ of the module wrapper. This code makes sure to append<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ the entire button module wrapper (the parent element)<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ as well. This functionality is the same as option #3 above.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Siimply use the class 'divi-portable-button' on a button module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ instead of 'divi-portable-module'.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    $('.divi-portable-button').parent().each(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      $(this).closest('.parent-column').find('.divi-module-destination').append($(this));<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Option #2: Move Divi Row(s) into a Module<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Limit: One Instance per Section<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Use the following code if you want to move <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ a row inside a module on more than one section<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ of a page. Each section with the<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ class 'parent-section' will append any row(s)<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-portable-row' to the div<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ with the class 'divi-row-destination'.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ Only one instance of 'divi-row-destination' should<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \/\/ be added per section.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    $('.divi-portable-row').each(function () {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      $(this).closest('.parent-section').find('.divi-row-destination').append($(this));<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  });<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->})(jQuery);<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/script>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;43px|||||&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.8&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_module=&#8221;1359&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_tabs _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Participants&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; tab_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; tab_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<h3>Principal Investigators<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Kaveh Pahlavan<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Research Staff<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Jacques Beneat<\/li>\n<li>Xinrong Li<\/li>\n<li>Bardia Alavi<\/li>\n<li>Emad Zand<\/li>\n<li>Muzaffer Kanaan<\/li>\n<li>Nayef Alsindi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/et_pb_tab][\/et_pb_tabs][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]The principal research goal of this project was to provide a foundation for the indoor geolocation science needed in the design and performance evaluation of indoor geolocation systems.<\/p>\n<p>Two specific research objectives in this project were:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>To analyze the multipath characteristics of the indoor radio propagation that affect the performance of indoor geolocation systems through empirical broadband measurements in typical sites, and design of statistical measurement-based and geometrical models for the behavior of the channel.<\/li>\n<li>To use the results of objective 1 to lay a foundation for the design and performance evaluation of distributed indoor geolocation systems capable of locating objects in smart indoor spaces where numerous unreliable sources interact to provide an accurate location of each element.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For the first objective indoor channel measurements of the TOA of the first path at GHz frequencies were performed to prepare a database for future research in this field. The measurement data base includes LOS and NLOS measurements. Results of these measurements were used to analyze the effectiveness of the super-resolution algorithms. Also, a novel model for the distance measurement error for indoor geolocation was developed under this project.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]In this project CWINS and IWT, a small wireless radio development firm, join forces to design an MB-OFDM UWB system with indoor positioning capabilities.<\/p>\n<p>The main contribution of CWINS is to characterize UWB RF propagation in various environments and develop indoor positioning algorithms that support accurate indoor positioning in an adhoc networking environment. IWT will design the hardware for implementation of the actual communication network. Phase I of this project was completed successfully and we are awaiting the start of Phase II.<\/p>\n<p>In this project Prof. Pahlavan&#8217;s group used the UWB measurements in 3-6GHz bands to develop a novel model for indoor geolocation. The model was then used for evaluation of indoor geolocation algorithms.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.8&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_module=&#8221;1356&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_tabs _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Participants&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; tab_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; tab_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Principal Investigators<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Kaveh Pahlavan (CWINS)<\/li>\n<li>James Matthews (CWINS)<\/li>\n<li>Paul Creamer (TASC\/Litton)<\/li>\n<li>Joseph Pizano (TASC\/Litton)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Research Staff (CWINS)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Jacques Beneat<\/li>\n<li>Prashant Krishnamurthy<\/li>\n<li>Ahmad Hatami<\/li>\n<li>Yan Xu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/et_pb_tab][\/et_pb_tabs][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The objective of this project was to implement an urban geolocation demonstrator. In the course of the project, it was discovered that due to severe multipath conditions in urban and indoor areas traditional GPS receivers are unable to provide an accurate measurement of the location of objects within the buildings.<\/p>\n<p>Preliminary results of ray tracing simulation and initial measurements showed that in many situations the signal arriving from the direct path (DP) is not the strongest signal arriving at the receiver. Traditional receivers, however, lock to the path associated with the strongest received signal. Therefore, the estimated distance found with traditional receivers may correspond to an arbitrary distance that includes a number of reflections of the signal before it arrives at the receiver. This observation revealed a need for research in modeling of the indoor radio channel and design of new signal structures and algorithms for indoor geolocation that led to other indoor geolocation projects pursued at WPI.<\/p>\n<p>The preliminary results of this project were presented in several DARPA open review workshops, two DARPA reports, and several pioneering papers and presentations.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; top_divider_color=&#8221;#7c7c7c&#8221; top_divider_height=&#8221;25px&#8221; top_divider_flip=&#8221;vertical|horizontal&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.8&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_module=&#8221;980&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_3,1_3,1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<p><span>Using the IEEE 802.11 WLAN access points, PCMCIA WLAN cards, EKAHAU positioning software, and laptops acquired from the CNS support and our PROPSIM real-time channel simulator acquired from a DoD grant we have completed a novel laboratory testbed for performance evaluation of the indoor positioning systems operating based on RSS. This is the first laboratory testbed that is developed for performance monitoring of indoor positioning systems. The novel methodology adopted in this experiment uses our existing Ray-tracing software to identify location of the training points and measure the performance of the positioning software (in this case EKAHAU engine). The WLAN access points and a laptop with PCMCIA cards as well as the Ray-tracing software are connected to the real-time channel simulator that simulates the channel behavior between location of the access points and the mobile, specified in the Ray-tracing GUI. This innovative setup allows low cost repeatable performance analysis of indoor positioning systems. Our first publication in this field describes the architecture of the testbed and the preliminary results of performance evaluation that relates the density of the training points to the accuracy of the measurements. (see the picture)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/web-biography.wpi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/image002.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;image002&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;11px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-20px||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]\n<p><span>The testbed for performance evaluation of indoor positioning systems. The center of this picture is the PROPSIM simulator, on the left is pile of three access points used for reference, on top is laptop running EKAHAU engine. The rest are Network Analyzer, spectrum analyzer, signal generator, and a monitor used for control and performance assessments.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_text=&#8221;Read More&#8221; button_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_text_size=&#8221;15px&#8221; button_text_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; button_bg_color=&#8221;#0a1b2a&#8221; button_border_radius=&#8221;30px&#8221; button_icon=&#8221;&#x3b;||divi||400&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_pricing_tables featured_table_background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; header_background_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; featured_table_bullet_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; bullet_color=&#8221;#E09900&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; body_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset6&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=&#8221;-5px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_pricing_table title=&#8221;Participants&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]\n<p>+ Emanuel Agu<br \/>+ Rick Brown<br \/>+ Kaveh Pahlavan<br \/>+ Sergey Makarov<\/p>\n<p>Robert Kineck<\/p>\n<p>John Orr<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_pricing_table][\/et_pb_pricing_tables][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; next_background_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Blog Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;54px|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; 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